PAST ISSUES OF THE JOURNAL OF MANUAL AND MANIPULATIVE THERAPY
Subscribers to the print version of the Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy have full access to the available online versions of the journal. Subscribe now. If you are already a subscriber, please login here for full access.
Downloaded articles are protected by copyright and may not be reproduced or utilized in any form, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission from the editor.
All articles are in Adobe PDF format unless otherwise indicated.
2002 - Vol. 10, No. 2
* this issue only available in PDF format
Effects of Slump Long Sitting on Peripheral Sudomotor and Vasomotor Function: A Pilot Study
Joshua Cleland, PT, DPT, Chris Durall, PT, MS, SCS, ATC/L, CSCS, Samuel A. Scott, PhD
Abstract: Slump long sitting combined with spinal lateral flexion and costovertebral joint mobilization, or "slump long sitting with sympathetic emphasis" (SLSSE), is purported to be an effective therapeutic technique for the management of sympathetically maintained pain. It is hypothesized that the SLSSE would facilitate a sympathoexcitatory response resulting in an increase in skin conductivity and a decrease in skin temperature. However, the impact of SLSSE on sympathetic activity is poorly understood, and there is no direct evidence that the SLSSE affects sympathetic activity in the lower extremities. The purpose of this study was to assess sympathetically-mediated peripheral sudomotor (sweating) and vasomotor (temperature) activity in the feet of healthy, asymptomatic individuals during SLSSE and long sitting. A convenience sample of 12 healthy young adults was split randomly into control and experimental groups of equal size. Sudomotor and vasomotor activities were quantified during SLSSE (experimental group) and long sitting (control group). Although sample mean skin temperature and conductance changes relative to baseline measurements were greater in the experimental group (-2.14% temperature, 51.0% conductivity) than in the control group (-1.425% temperature, 35.8% conductivity), a two-way mixed ANOVA, with side of body as the within-subject factor, indicated no main effects. Nevertheless, trends in these data - one of which would likely have been supported statistically with a slightly larger sample size - should be encouraging to manual therapists and researchers.
The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy Vol. 10 No. 2 (2002), 67 - 75
Reliability of Manual Mobility Testing of the Upper Cervical Spine in Subjects with Cervicogenic Headache
William P. Hanten, EdD, PT, Sharon L. Olson, PhD, PT, Greta Matson Ludwig, MS, PT
Abstract: The identification of a cervicogenic headache is determined by criteria as stated by the International Headache Society (IHS). One of the criteria involves a finding of abnormal tenderness or resistance to movement in the neck region. The purpose of this study was to examine the inter-examiner and intra-examiner reliability of manual mobility testing of the upper cervical spine in the diagnosis of cervicogenic headaches in symptomatic subjects. Two groups of 20 subjects were required to meet initial criteria for a cervicogenic headache as adapted from the IHS. Subjects were not currently receiving medical treatment for headaches. To determine inter-examiner reliability, two examiners independently examined the 20 subjects (ages 22-48; 5 males and 15 females). Each examiner performed 15 mobility tests in random order on each subject. To establish intra-examiner reliability, a separate group of 20 subjects (ages 21-48; 3 males and 17 females) was evaluated by one examiner on two consecutive days. The Spearman's rho correlation was applied to the total number of abnormal findings recorded across each group of subjects. The Kappa correlation coefficient and percent agreement were used to compare the findings of each of the 15 mobility tests. They were also used to compare the identification of at least one abnormal finding for every subject. For this study, Kappa values ? 0.400 were considered acceptable. The Spearman's rho value for inter-examiner reliability was 0.943. Acceptable inter-examiner reliability was found on 11 out of 15 mobility tests, with Kappa values ranging from -0.053 to 1.000 and percent agreement values ranging from 70 to 100%. There was 100% agreement between examiners on whether the subject met the IHS criteria, resulting in a Kappa value of 1.000. The Spearman's rho value for intra-examiner reliability was also 0.943. Kappa values for intra-examiner reliability were acceptable for 11 out 15 tests and ranged from 0.208 to 1.000. The percent agreement values ranged from 60 to 100%. There was 100% agreement on consecutive days on whether the subject met the IHS criteria, yielding a Kappa value of 1.000. This study found that mobility testing, which includes palpation of the cervical spine, is a reliable tool, specifically in the identification of a cervicogenic headache in symptomatic subjects.
The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy Vol. 10 No. 2 (2002), 76 - 82
The Application of the Principles and Procedures of PNF for the Care of Lumbar Spinal Instabilities
Gregory S. Johnson, PT, FFCFMT, Vicky Saliba Johnson, PT, FFCFMT
Abstract: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is a dynamic manual approach to the evaluation and treatment of the neuromusculoskeletal system. This treatment approach has broad application for patients with both neurological and orthopedic problems. The authors have developed a systematic protocol using the philosophy and procedures of PNF integrated with other manual therapy procedures for the care of lumbar instabilities. This article will present the history, philosophy, basic principles, and procedures of PNF and their use in the treatment of lumbar spine instabilities.
The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy Vol. 10 No. 2 (2002), 83 - 105
* this issue only available in PDF format
